Dr Mukhmohit Singh PSM Simplified Feedbacks

NIME Next Batch PGI Quest in Delhi from 10 August to 20 August

Micro Nutrients Hand Written Notes

 Hand Written Notes

For Persons with Disabilities - Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan)

A step further: India proud to announce - Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan)

Brief of the scheme: 

1. For Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) universal accessibility is critical for enabling them to gain access for equal opportunity and live independently and participate fully in all aspects of life in an inclusive society. Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 under sections 44, 45 land 46 categorically provides for non-discrimination in transport, non-discrimination on the road and non-discrimination in built environment respectively. United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), to which India is a signatory, under Article 9 casts obligations on the Governments for ensuring to PwDs accessibility to (a) Information, (b) Transportation, (c) Physical Environment, (d) Communication Technology and (e) Accessibility to Services as well as emergency services.

2. In furtherance of the vision of the Department, it is imperative to launch a Nation-wide Awareness Campaign towards achieving universal accessibility for all citizens including PwDs in creating an enabling and barrier-free environment.In this direction, Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment has conceptualised the“Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan)”as a nation-wide flagship campaign for achieving universal accessibility that will enable persons with disabilities to gain access for equal opportunity and live independently and participate fully in all aspects of life in an inclusive society. The campaign targets at enhancing the accessibility of built environment, transport system and Information & communication eco-System.

For more info: http://disabilityaffairs.gov.in/content/page/parliament-questions.php

Mid Day Meal Scheme

MDM scheme or program:

under MHRD - department of school education and litracy. GOI

With a view to enhancing enrolment, retention and attendance and simultaneously improving nutritional levels among c

hildren, the National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (NP-NSPE) was launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme on 15th August 1995.

In 2001 MDMS became a cooked Mid Day Meal Scheme under which every child in every Government and Government aided primary school was to be served a prepared Mid Day Meal with a minimum content of 300 calories of energy and 8-12 gram protein per day for a minimum of 200 days. The Scheme was further extended in 2002 to cover not only children studying in Government, Government aided and local body schools, but also children studying in Education Guarantee Scheme (EGS) and Alternative & Innovative Education (AIE) centres.

The concept is evolved from the idea of a group of children sitting together in a circle and having their meal served hot. Equal importance is given to boys and girls with communal harmony. Orange colour is used for the food plate to represent it as hot and fresh food. It also symbolizes energy, heat and sun. At the bottom of the image a picture of a book is used to bring in the relation of education and mid-day meal program. Overall form also represents the shape of a flower as a symbol of childhood, happiness, healthiness, progress and well being of the future generation. The logo is visually balanced using the form of children, book and logo text in Hindi and in English.

Anatomy high yields NIME

Anatomy high yield: FACE development

• FRONTONASAL PROCESS: Forms Nasal Processes and Globular Processes.
• PAIRED MAXILLARY PROCESSES: Grows toward the midline to meet each other.
• PAIRED MANDIBULAR PROCESSES: Grows toward the midline to meet each other.
• Process:
• First, Olfactory Pits form in the Frontal Process.
• The Frontal Processes then grow around these pits, forming the following:
2 Lateral Nasal Processes -- Forms the lateral ala of nose.
1 Medial Nasal Process -- Forms philtrum.
2 Globular Processes, on the end of the Lateral Nasal Processes. They fuse together to form the premaxilla.
• CLEFT LIP: Failure to join of the Maxillary Process and Globular Process. Could be on the same side or bilateral.
• CLEFT PALATE: An opening between the nasal and oral cavities, caused by a failure of the maxillary shelves to come together and fuse.
• BRANCHIAL FISTULA: Failure of the Branchial clefts to disappear. The cleft stays completely open. They are located on the side of the neck.
• BRANCHIAL SINUS: Incomplete breakdown of the branchial clefts. The cleft is partially open, either to the inside or outside. They are located on the side of the neck.
• FIRST ARCH SYNDROMES: Rare syndromes involving the first arch. Due to middle ear ossicles, these syndromes lead to deafness

The Brain Stem – The Midbrain..

Examiners love this….
The Brain Stem – The Midbrain..
Ü Lies between the diencephalon and the pons
Ü Central cavity – the cerebral aqueduct
Ü Cerebral peduncles located on the ventral surface of the brain: Has  pyramidal (corticospinal) tracts
Ü Superior cerebellar peduncles: Connect midbrain to the cerebellum
Ü Periaqueductal gray matter surrounds the cerebral aqueduct
Ü Involved in two related functions
o Fright-and-flight reaction
o Mediates response to visceral pain
ü Corpora quadrigemina – the largest nuclei
ü Divided into the superior and inferior colliculi
o Superior colliculi – nuclei that act in visual reflexes
  o Inferior colliculi – nuclei that act in reflexive response to sound
Imbedded in the white matter of the midbrain
Ü Two pigmented nuclei
Ü Substantia nigra – neuronal cell bodies contain melanin
o Functionally linked to the basal nuclei
ü Red nucleus – lies deep to the substantia nigra
o Largest nucleus of the reticular formation

janani shishu suraksha karyakkram

JSSK:
janani shishu suraksha karyakkram:
launched 01.06.2011
facilities:
1. Free institutional delivery (including CS)
2. free drugs, consumables, diet 'upto 3 days (NVD)*, upto 7 days (LSCS)*
3. free transport from home to institution
4. same entitlements for all sick new borns *till 30 days of birth.

New extension of scheme* AIIMS 2015 MCQ
now it also covers ANC, PNC, and sick infants

other options discussion:
FIMNCI: integration of *facility based care package* with IMNCI
focus:
appropriate *inpatient* management of major cases of neonatal and childhood mortality as asphysxia, LBW, pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria.
Features:
MCH level I (PHC/SC) - newborn care corner (NBCC) - in labor rooms. refer to upper levels in case of sick new born
MCH level II (CHC/FRU)- NBCC - refer to SNBU (new born stabalization unit) in case of sick new born
MCH level III (district hospital) - NBCC in OT's. - refer to SNCU (special new born care unit)

Incidence of head and neck Carcinomas | Frequently Asked Medical PG topics

Factors that have been associated with an increased incidence of head and neck carcinomas include all of the following EXCEPT 


A. Alcohol consumption
B. Syphilis 
C. Exposure to nickel 
D. Hepatitis B virus

Ans. D.  Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis B virus is not associated with an increased incidence of head and neck carcinomas. The incidence of squamous cell cancers of the head and neck is related strongly to the use of tobacco and to alcohol consumption, and these factors may have a synergistic effect. Syphilis is associated with an increased incidence of cancer of the tongue. Nickel exposure increases the risk of cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus.