Incidence of head and neck Carcinomas | Frequently Asked Medical PG topics

Factors that have been associated with an increased incidence of head and neck carcinomas include all of the following EXCEPT 


A. Alcohol consumption
B. Syphilis 
C. Exposure to nickel 
D. Hepatitis B virus

Ans. D.  Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis B virus is not associated with an increased incidence of head and neck carcinomas. The incidence of squamous cell cancers of the head and neck is related strongly to the use of tobacco and to alcohol consumption, and these factors may have a synergistic effect. Syphilis is associated with an increased incidence of cancer of the tongue. Nickel exposure increases the risk of cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus.