Anatomy high yield: FACE development
• FRONTONASAL PROCESS: Forms Nasal Processes and Globular Processes.
• PAIRED MAXILLARY PROCESSES: Grows toward the midline to meet each other.
• PAIRED MANDIBULAR PROCESSES: Grows toward the midline to meet each other.
• Process:
• First, Olfactory Pits form in the Frontal Process.
• The Frontal Processes then grow around these pits, forming the following:
2 Lateral Nasal Processes -- Forms the lateral ala of nose.
1 Medial Nasal Process -- Forms philtrum.
2 Globular Processes, on the end of the Lateral Nasal Processes. They fuse together to form the premaxilla.
• CLEFT LIP: Failure to join of the Maxillary Process and Globular Process. Could be on the same side or bilateral.
• CLEFT PALATE: An opening between the nasal and oral cavities, caused by a failure of the maxillary shelves to come together and fuse.
• BRANCHIAL FISTULA: Failure of the Branchial clefts to disappear. The cleft stays completely open. They are located on the side of the neck.
• BRANCHIAL SINUS: Incomplete breakdown of the branchial clefts. The cleft is partially open, either to the inside or outside. They are located on the side of the neck.
• FIRST ARCH SYNDROMES: Rare syndromes involving the first arch. Due to middle ear ossicles, these syndromes lead to deafness
• PAIRED MAXILLARY PROCESSES: Grows toward the midline to meet each other.
• PAIRED MANDIBULAR PROCESSES: Grows toward the midline to meet each other.
• Process:
• First, Olfactory Pits form in the Frontal Process.
• The Frontal Processes then grow around these pits, forming the following:
2 Lateral Nasal Processes -- Forms the lateral ala of nose.
1 Medial Nasal Process -- Forms philtrum.
2 Globular Processes, on the end of the Lateral Nasal Processes. They fuse together to form the premaxilla.
• CLEFT LIP: Failure to join of the Maxillary Process and Globular Process. Could be on the same side or bilateral.
• CLEFT PALATE: An opening between the nasal and oral cavities, caused by a failure of the maxillary shelves to come together and fuse.
• BRANCHIAL FISTULA: Failure of the Branchial clefts to disappear. The cleft stays completely open. They are located on the side of the neck.
• BRANCHIAL SINUS: Incomplete breakdown of the branchial clefts. The cleft is partially open, either to the inside or outside. They are located on the side of the neck.
• FIRST ARCH SYNDROMES: Rare syndromes involving the first arch. Due to middle ear ossicles, these syndromes lead to deafness
