Features of essential hypertension
A. Concentric hypertrophy of LVB. Increased heart size
B. Increased size of the heart muscles
D. Myohypertrophy
E. Myohyperplasia
Ans. A. Concentric hypeetrophy of LV; (B) increasedheart size ; (C) increased Size of heart muscle; (D) Myohypertrophy:
Features of essential hypertension are:-
• There is concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricles due to pressure overload of the heart.
• On physical examination the heart is enlarged.
• The weight of the heart is increased above the normal, often over 500 gm.
• Thickening of the Lt. ventricular wall, increased the ratio of its wall thickness to radius.
• Microscopically the earliest changes of systemic hypertensive heart disease is an increased in transverse myocytes diameter.
• In advanced stage the cellular and nuclear enlargement are prominent.
• There may be multiple minute foci of degenerative changes and necrosis in hypertrophied myocardium,
• Electron microscopy reveals increase in number of myofilaments comprising myofibrils, mitochondrial changes and multiple intercalated discs.
