Carbon dioxide retention is seen in the following condition
A. Carbon monoxide poisoning
B. Lung failure
C. Drowning
D. Ventilatory failure
E. Highaltitude
Ans. B. Lung failure; (C) Drowning; (D) Ventilatory failure:
•
Retention of CO2 in the body
(hypercapnia) caused by hypoventilation or circulatory deficiency.
• In Lung failure due to parenchymal causes (e.g. Fibrosis, poor diffusion through the pulmonary membrane or through the tissues); serious hypercapnia usually doesn’t occur because CO2 diffuses 20 times as rapidly as 02. If hypercapnia begins to occur, this stimulates pulmonary ventilation which corrects the hypercapnia.
• Hypercarbia associated with apnea or hypoventilation is less often documented than hypoxia in drowning.
• In CO-poisoning, there is variable PCO2
• Hypercapnia is not concomitant when too little 02 in the air, too little Hb, or poisoning of oxidative enzymes
• In high altitude due to hypoxic stimulation —hyperventilation occurs resulting in fall of PaCO2
produces respiratory alkalosis.
• In Lung failure due to parenchymal causes (e.g. Fibrosis, poor diffusion through the pulmonary membrane or through the tissues); serious hypercapnia usually doesn’t occur because CO2 diffuses 20 times as rapidly as 02. If hypercapnia begins to occur, this stimulates pulmonary ventilation which corrects the hypercapnia.
• Hypercarbia associated with apnea or hypoventilation is less often documented than hypoxia in drowning.
• In CO-poisoning, there is variable PCO2
• Hypercapnia is not concomitant when too little 02 in the air, too little Hb, or poisoning of oxidative enzymes
• In high altitude due to hypoxic stimulation —hyperventilation occurs resulting in fall of PaCO2
produces respiratory alkalosis.
