Which one of the following clinical situation would be LEAST likely to result in a newborn who is small for gestational age?
A. Premature rupture of the membranes
B. Abruptio placentae
C. Congential CMV infection
D. Gestational diabetes mellitus
A. Premature rupture of the membranes
B. Abruptio placentae
C. Congential CMV infection
D. Gestational diabetes mellitus
Ans. D.
Pregnancies
associated with, gestational diabetes mellitus usually produce newborns that
are large for gestational age (macrosomia).
Hyperglycemia in the mother causes fetal release of insulin, which increases
the synthesis of fat and muscle.
Fetal, placental, and maternal causes can result in a newborn that is small for gestational age. Fetal
abnormalities include chromosome disorders, congenital anomalies, and
infection. Placental abnormalities (uteroplacental insufficiency) can
result from infection, infarction, abruption placenta, and premature rupture of
the membranes. Maternal factors are most common and include
pregnancy-induced hypertension (preeclampsia), malnutrition, smoking, alcohol
consumption, and drug addiction.
