Features of essential hypertension | PGI MCQs for MD MS Preparations

Features of essential hypertension 

A. Concentric hypertrophy of LV 
B. Increased heart size 
B. Increased size of the heart muscles 
D. Myohypertrophy 
E. Myohyperplasia

Ans. A. Concentric hypeetrophy of LV; (B) increasedheart size ; (C)  increased Size of heart muscle; (D) Myohypertrophy: 

Features of essential hypertension are:- 

• There is concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricles due to pressure overload of the heart. 

• On physical examination the heart is enlarged. 

• The weight of the heart is increased above the normal, often over 500 gm. 

• Thickening of the Lt. ventricular wall, increased the ratio of its wall thickness to radius. 

• Microscopically the earliest changes of systemic hypertensive heart disease is an increased in transverse myocytes diameter. 

• In advanced stage the cellular and nuclear enlargement are prominent. 

• There may be multiple minute foci of degenerative changes and necrosis in hypertrophied myocardium, 

• Electron microscopy reveals increase in number of myofilaments comprising myofibrils, mitochondrial changes and multiple intercalated discs.