NIME Next Batch PGI Quest in Delhi from 10 August to 20 August
B. Signs of dehydration are minimal
C. ECF volume ↓ed
D. Rapid correction is required
E. Shift of water from ECF to ICF
Ans. A. Sodium Na>150meq/L ; (B) Signs of dehydration are minimal; (C) ECF volume is decreased.
• Hypernatremia is defined as serum Na>150meq/L. Hypenatremic dehydration occurs in condition where there are water deficit and water and salt deficits if water deficits exceeds salt
deficit.
• The normal 2:1 ratio of ICF to ECF is also changed but quantitatively a two fold greater
absolute reduction in ICF volume than ECF. Here the movement of water from ICF to ECF
space maintains the intravascular volume. This maintains blood pressure and urine output and
thus less symptomatic initially and the patient potentially becomes more dehydrated before
seeking medical advice.
• Treatment is replacement of water deficit, which should be corrected slowly (at least over 48-
72 hrs.) to avoid the risk of rapid shift of water into brain cells resulting in seizure or permanent
neurological damage. Plasma Na should be corrected by 0.5 mmol/L /hr and by no more
than 12 mmol/L/day.
Hypernatremic dehydration is characterized by
A. S. Sodium> 150 mmol/LB. Signs of dehydration are minimal
C. ECF volume ↓ed
D. Rapid correction is required
E. Shift of water from ECF to ICF
Ans. A. Sodium Na>150meq/L ; (B) Signs of dehydration are minimal; (C) ECF volume is decreased.
• Hypernatremia is defined as serum Na>150meq/L. Hypenatremic dehydration occurs in condition where there are water deficit and water and salt deficits if water deficits exceeds salt
deficit.
• The normal 2:1 ratio of ICF to ECF is also changed but quantitatively a two fold greater
absolute reduction in ICF volume than ECF. Here the movement of water from ICF to ECF
space maintains the intravascular volume. This maintains blood pressure and urine output and
thus less symptomatic initially and the patient potentially becomes more dehydrated before
seeking medical advice.
• Treatment is replacement of water deficit, which should be corrected slowly (at least over 48-
72 hrs.) to avoid the risk of rapid shift of water into brain cells resulting in seizure or permanent
neurological damage. Plasma Na should be corrected by 0.5 mmol/L /hr and by no more
than 12 mmol/L/day.
